Types of Therapists: The Best Comprehensive Guide!
There are various different types of therapists out there and it can be confusing and daunting on deciding which kind of therapist you want to be or the kind you want to see. Use this post to help guide you in this decision-making process!
When you’re considering therapy, one of the first big questions is: “Which types of therapist should I see?” With so many options, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed. But don’t worry—this guide will walk you through the different types of therapists, their backgrounds, and licensures, as well as their unique styles and modalities. Whether you’re looking for someone to help you manage anxiety, navigate relationships, or work through past trauma, understanding these distinctions can help you make a more informed decision.
Or maybe you aspire to become a therapist and unsure which route to take. Use this guide to help you understand the various options to help you decide!
Types of Therapists: Understanding Licensure and Background
Before becoming a therapist I did not realize how many different types of therapists were out there! This section will identify and describe the various types of licensure and educational backgrounds therapists can have. Their background not only influences their approach to therapy but also the services they’re legally allowed to provide.
1. Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW)
LCSWs hold a master’s degree in social work (MSW) and have completed additional supervised clinical hours (typically 3000 hours, depending on the state). LCSW’s are licensed to diagnose and treat mental health issues, often focusing on a person’s environment and social systems. LCSWs might work in a variety of settings, including private practices, hospitals, and community organizations. They cannot prescribe medication and they typically refer out for diagnoses on Autism, ADHD, ADD, etc.
2. Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC)
LPCs, or sometimes LMHCs (Licensed Mental Health Counselors), typically have a master’s degree in counseling or a related field. Like LCSWs, they must complete supervised clinical hours. LPCs are trained to help with a broad range of issues, from career guidance to managing mental health disorders. They are also able to diagnose mental health disorders from the DSM.
3. Clinical Psychologist (Ph.D. or Psy.D.)
Clinical psychologists hold either a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) or Psy.D. (Doctor of Psychology) in psychology. They have extensive training in psychological testing and assessment, in addition to therapy. While Ph.D. programs often emphasize research, Psy.D. programs focus more on clinical practice. Psychologists can provide psychotherapy, conduct psychological testing, and diagnose mental health conditions.
4. Psychiatrist (MD or DO)
Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health. Unlike the other professionals mentioned, they can prescribe medication and often manage the medical aspects of mental health care, such as medication management. While some psychiatrists provide therapy, many focus primarily on medication and may refer clients to another therapist for counseling.
5. Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT)
LMFTs specialize in working with couples and families. They hold a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy or a related field, and like LPCs and LCSWs, they must complete supervised clinical experience. LMFTs are trained to handle relationship dynamics, whether between romantic partners or within families, and often work on communication and conflict resolution.
6. Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CADC)
CADCs specialize in helping people who are struggling with substance abuse and addiction. They may hold varying levels of certification or licensure, depending on the state. While they may have a background in social work or counseling, some states allow individuals with specific training in addiction counseling to become CADCs.
Types of Therapists by Style and Modality
Once you understand the background and licensure of different therapists, it’s important to consider their therapeutic style and modality. This will significantly influence your experience in therapy and determine how well it aligns with your needs. Or if you are thinking of becoming a therapist, it will be helpful to identify 2-3 modalities to specialize in for your practice.
You might notice I didn’t include “trauma therapist” in this list because my personal belief is that all therapists should be utilizing a trauma-informed approach in everything they do no matter the modality!
1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is one of the most well-known and widely-used therapeutic modalities. CBT therapists focus on identifying and changing negative thought patterns that affect behavior and emotions. It’s a structured, goal-oriented approach often used to treat anxiety, depression, PTSD, and many other conditions.
2. Psychodynamic Therapist
Psychodynamic therapy is rooted in the theories of Freud and other psychoanalysts. This approach emphasizes understanding the unconscious mind and how past experiences, particularly from childhood, shape current behavior. Psychodynamic therapists often explore deep-seated issues and aim to help clients gain insight into their emotions and relationships.
3. Humanistic Therapist
Humanistic therapy (like like Person-Centered Therapy) focuses on the individual’s capacity for self-growth and self-actualization. These types of therapists emphasize empathy, unconditional positive regard, and active listening. They largely focus on helping clients explore their feelings and develop a stronger sense of self.
4. Dialectical Behavior Therapist (DBT)
DBT is a form of CBT that was originally developed to treat Borderline Personality Disorder but has since been adapted for other conditions, including chronic suicidal ideation, eating disorders, and substance abuse. DBT therapists help clients develop skills in four key areas: mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness.
5. EMDR Therapist (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)
EMDR is a specialized therapeutic approach used primarily to treat trauma and PTSD. These therapists guide clients through a series of eye movements while recalling distressing events, with the goal of reducing the emotional impact of those memories. It’s a structured, evidence-based therapy that’s been shown to be particularly effective for trauma. If this is something you are interested in, ensure your therapist is well-trained as I’ve come across some who say they are EMDR trained but not well-skilled or well-practiced.
6. Art Therapist
Art therapy uses creative expression as a way to explore emotions and process experiences. They are trained to help clients use various forms of art—like drawing, painting, or sculpting—as a therapeutic tool. This approach is often used with children, but it can be beneficial for individuals of all ages.
7. Mindfulness-Based Therapist
Mindfulness-based therapies, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), incorporate mindfulness practices like meditation and deep breathing into the therapeutic process. These approaches are effective for stress reduction, anxiety, depression, and chronic pain.
8. Somatic Therapist
Somatic therapy focuses on the connection between the mind and body, emphasizing how physical experiences can influence mental health. It might incorporate techniques like deep breathing, movement, and touch to help clients release tension and trauma stored in the body.
9. Family Systems Therapist
Family systems therapy looks at issues within the context of family relationships. They believe that understanding family dynamics is key to resolving individual problems. They work with families or individuals to address communication issues, patterns of behavior, and relationship dynamics.
How to Choose the Right Therapist for You
With so many types of therapists and approaches to therapy, it’s essential to consider what might work best for you. Here are some factors to think about:
1. Your Specific Needs: Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, or something else? Some therapists specialize in certain areas and might be better equipped to help with your particular concern.
2. Therapeutic Style: Do you prefer a more structured approach like CBT, or are you looking for something more exploratory, like psychodynamic therapy? Your comfort level with the therapist’s style is crucial for a successful outcome.
3. Licensure and Background: Depending on your needs, you might prefer to work with a therapist who can prescribe medication (psychiatrist) or someone who offers a more holistic approach (humanistic therapist). Understanding the background and licensure of the therapist can guide your decision.
4. Personal Compatibility: Finally, the therapeutic relationship is vital. It’s okay to meet with a few different therapists to see who you feel most comfortable with. The right therapist for you will make you feel heard, understood, and supported. Don’t be afraid of letting your therapist know that it’s not a good match as they might be able to find someone within their agency who is a good match. I promise they won’t take it personal!
Types of Therapists FAQs
Q: Can one therapist use multiple modalities?
A: Absolutely! Many therapists integrate different therapeutic approaches to tailor their treatment to the client’s unique needs.
Q: How do I know if a therapist is qualified?
A: Check their licensure and credentials. Most states have online databases where you can verify a therapist’s license.
Q: Is it okay to switch therapists if I’m not feeling comfortable?
A: Yes, it’s essential to feel comfortable and supported in therapy. If you don’t feel that way, it’s perfectly okay to seek out someone who’s a better fit.
If you enjoyed this post, be sure to check out my other posts on therapy and counseling here! 🙂
